Complement Symbol ∁

In mathematical notation, the complement of a set A, denoted as A', represents all elements that are not in A with respect to a given universal set. The complement is a fundamental concept in set theory and is commonly used to describe the elements outside a specified set.

Definition

The complement of a set A, denoted as A', consists of all elements that are in the universal set but not in A. Mathematically, A' = {x | x is in the universal set and x is not in A}.

Representation in HTML

In HTML, the complement symbol can be represented using the HTML entity ′ or ′. Alternatively, you can use the ASCII character '.

Usage in Mathematics

The complement is widely used in set theory and mathematical logic. It helps define operations such as intersection, union, and set difference. Complements are essential for understanding the relationships between sets and forming logical statements.

Example

Consider the universal set U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and set A = {2, 4}. The complement of A, denoted as A', would be A' = {1, 3, 5}, as these are the elements in U but not in A.

The complement is a valuable concept in set theory, providing a way to describe the elements that are excluded from a specific set. Its use is foundational in various branches of mathematics, contributing to the formalism and precision of mathematical reasoning.

Complement Symbol Information

Symbol Name	Complement
Unicode Version	1.1 (June 1993)
Unicode	U+2201
CSS Code	\2201
HTML Entity	&complement;

Hex Code	∁
HTML Code	∁
Latex	\complement
Symbol	∁

Complement Symbol Encoding

UTF-8	0xE2 0x88 0x81
UTF-16	0x2201
UTF-32	0x00002201

ComplementSymbol's PNG and SVG files

How to add complement symbol via keyboard on different Operating systems

You can type the complement symbol on most modern devices with the help of following methods:

How to type complement symbol on Microsoft Word

You can type the complement in Microsoft Word using steps mentioned below:

Place your cursor in the text area where you need to insert the symbol and type 2201
Without moving the cursor press keys Alt + x together
The original 2201 is now transformed into ∁

How to type complement symbol on Microsoft Windows

You can type the complement on Microsoft windows using following steps:

Hold Alt and press to type complement on your windows machine.

How to type complement symbol on Mac OS

You can type the complement on Mac OS using following steps:

Place your cursor in the text area where you need to insert the symbol
Press Ctrl + ⌘ Command + ⎵ Space to bring up the Character Viewer. Alternatively, choose Edit ⇒ Emoji & Symbols
Type "Complement" in the search field at the top and press Enter
The symbol should appear. Click on it to insert it into your text

How to type complement symbol on Linux

You can type the complement on Linux using following steps:

Place your cursor in the text area where you need to insert the symbol
Hold ⇧ Shift + Ctrl and press the letter + U
Press keys 2201 consecutively
And then press ↵ Enter , the desired symbol will be added to your document

How to type complement symbol on IOS and Android

The easiest way to type the complement symbol on ios and android is to copy and paste it wherever you need it.

How to use complement in CSS

//CSS Example

span {
    content: \2201;
  }

How to use complement in HTML

//HTML Example

<span>&#8705;</span>

Complement symbol representation in programming languages

Complementsymbol's representation in different programming languages can be found in table below:

Language	Representation
Rust	\u{2201}
Ruby	\u{2201}
Python	\u2201
PHP	\u{2201}
Perl	\x{2201}
Java	\u2201
Modern JavaScript - Since ES6	\u{2201}
JavaScript	\u2201
Go	\u2201
C#	\u2201
C and C++	\u2201
Bash and Zsh - inside echo -e	\u2201
RFC 5137	\u'2201'